( (Note that light in this context is described as consisting of particles, i.e., photons.) The "Mass" of the Photon - Magnetic Fields in Superconductors, Superconductors and Their Magnetostatic Fields. /Rotate 0 They certainly have an energy given by E=hνE = h\nuE=hν, where ν\nuν is the frequency of the light and hhh is Planck's constant. You can deny the status of "mass" to the photon if you wish, or you can define an "effective" mass through the momentum. /MediaBox [0.0 0.0 595.0 842.0] In a classical wave picture, the slowing can be explained by the light inducing electric polarizationin the matter, the polarized matter radiating new light, and that new light interfering with the original light wave to form a delayed wave. / c ( f J Performance & security by Cloudflare, Please complete the security check to access. /Contents [17 0 R] μ Before the scattering event, the electron is treated as sufficiently close to being at rest that its total energy consists entirely of the mass-energy equivalence of its (rest) mass endobj We start with an expression for the current in a non-relativistic conductor given by \[\mathbf{j}\left(\mathbf{r}\right) = \mathbf{j}_{\mathrm{cond}}\left(\mathbf{r}\right)+\mathbf{j}_{\mathrm{ext}}\left(\mathbf{r}\right)=qn_{q}\mathbf{v}\left(\mathbf{r}\right)+\mathbf{j}_{\mathrm{ext}}\left(\mathbf{r}\right)\ .\]For the moment, let us not consider any external charges but only the conductive contribution inside the superconductor, hence \(\mathbf{j}_{\mathrm{ext}}\left(\mathbf{r}\right)=0\). After replacing the photon momentum terms with f Conversely, to the dBP photon, where mass is imposed ab initio , the CFJ photon acquires a mass through a mechanism, namely from LoSy violation through the background vector. Since this scattering process is incoherent (there is no phase relationship between the scattered photons), the MCP is representative of the bulk properties of the sample and is a probe of the ground state. This indicates that the effective photon mass we are discussing now is less than 10−69 g. 3. γ More information about superconductivity can be found for example in Jackson's “Classical Electrodynamics” or Kittel's “Introduction to Solid State Physics” from an electrodynamics or solid states background, respectively. 2. f Photons are traditionally said to be massless. The polarization of a medium and the effective photon mass Now we deal with the effective photon mass problem in connection with the polarization of a medium and the moving medium. , and thus hf can be substituted for pc for all photon momentum terms which arise in course of the derivation below. /Parent 2 0 R h Effective photon mass. /CropBox [0.0 0.0 595.0 842.0] to the quantized photon energies of Experimental verification of momentum conservation in individual Compton scattering processes by Bothe and Geiger as well as by Compton and Simon has been important in disproving the BKS theory. Assuming that the magnetic field of the earth is basically a dipole, Schrödinger suggested that the ratio of the ordinary dipole moment to the second term in \(\mathrm{\mathbf{B}_{D}}\) should be measurable with respect to the usual modified first term. >> Does the photon have mass? << All the relativistic mass of the photon comes from it's energy. /CropBox [0.0 0.0 595.0 842.0] p θ The change of the magnitude of the momentum of the photon is not just related to the change of its energy; it also involves a change in direction. In X-ray astronomy, the accretion disk surrounding a black hole is presumed to produce a thermal spectrum. Note that the latter equations can be derived from the Lagrangian density of the fields with an extra term \(\propto\mu_{r}A_{\mu}\left(x^{\nu}\right)A^{\mu}\left(x^{\nu}\right)\) in relativistic notation taking the static limit.
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