Charles's talent, administrative experience, papal connections, and genuine love for Bohemia led him to continue his father's policy. Retrieved October 16, 2020 from Encyclopedia.com: https://www.encyclopedia.com/history/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/charles-iv. Godoy's alliance with France in 1796 and the subsequent war with Britain damaged Spain and made him, as well as the monarch who kept him in power, very unpopular. Charles inherited the County of Luxembourg from his father and was elected the king of the Kingdom of Bohemia. In the mid-14th century the title of Holy Roman emperor was useful more for dynastic aggrandizement than as a sign of political power. On Jan. 2, 1819, Maria Luisa died in Rome. FREDERICK III (HOLY ROMAN EMPIRE) (1415–1493; ruled 1440–1493), Holy Roman emperor. World Encyclopedia. The Swabian Landfriede confederation of 1370 was made up almost entirely of Imperial Cities. Charles also had strong ties to Nuremberg, staying within its city walls 52 times and thereby strengthening its reputation amongst German cities. "Charles IV There are also a couple of articles about some of the major events, which have taken place the last year. Among people born in Czech Republic, Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor ranks 5 out of 162. Encyclopedia of World Biography. . © 2019 Encyclopedia.com | All rights reserved. At about the same time he was promised the succession to the Margravate of Brandenburg, which he actually obtained for his son Wenceslaus in 1373. A few months later he was crowned in Bonn. I grant consent to the processing of my personal data for marketing purposes. The Empire he ruled from Prague expaned, and his subjects lived in peace and prosperity. His remaining efforts concentrated upon the extension of Bohemian power. Read more on Wikipedia. Therefore, it’s best to use Encyclopedia.com citations as a starting point before checking the style against your school or publication’s requirements and the most-recent information available at these sites: http://www.chicagomanualofstyle.org/tools_citationguide.html. His second journey to Italy took place in 1368, when he had a meeting with Pope Urban V at Viterbo, was besieged in his palace at Siena, and left the country before the end of 1369. He corresponded with Petrarch and invited him to visit the royal residence in Prague, whilst the Italian hoped — to no avail — to see Charles move his residence to Rome and reawaken tradition of the Roman Empire. In January 1349, House of Wittelsbach partisans attempted to secure the election of Günther von Schwarzburg as king, but he attracted few supporters and died unnoticed and unmourned after a few months. Soon Prague emerged as the intellectual and cultural center of Central Europe. The scholar-king himself inspired much of the activity in his realm. He secondly married Anna of Bavaria, (1329–53), daughter of Rudolf II, Duke of Bavaria; they had one son: Wenceslaus (1350–51). World Encyclopedia. King John, blind and aged, was led into battle at Crécy, where he was killed. Now there was nothing standing in the way for Charles to get on with the projects he had conceived. The papacy, situated at Avignon since the beginning of the century, claimed Charles's assistance for its return to Italy. The new king arrived in Spain a few months later. Later in life, he changed his name to Charles, after his uncle King Charles IV of France. In 1334, Charles was named Margrave of Moravia, the traditional title for heirs to the throne. This was followed by his important election to the Head of the Holy Roman Empire in the year 1346. Charles IV (1316 – 1378) was a gifted politician and blessed with a sensual and creative mind. A typical example is the attempt to draft a regional legal codex in the form of the Maiestas Carolina. From his return to Prague until his death he concentrated upon establishing his sons in positions of power. In an effort to defend the city, Charles founded the nearby fortress and the town of Montecarlo (Charles' Mountain). The short account of Charles IV and his reign in Charles Petrie, The Spanish Royal House (1958), is useful, and Raymon Carr, Spain, 1808-1939 (1966), is highly recommended. Encyclopedia of World Biography. Holy Roman Emperor Charles IV - 1346-1378. In the present Czech Republic, he is still regarded as Pater Patriae (father of the country or otec vlasti), a title first coined by Adalbertus Ranconis de Ericinio at his funeral. Pick a style below, and copy the text for your bibliography. Two years later, he assumed the government of Tyrol on behalf of his brother, John Henry, and was soon actively involved in a struggle for the possession of this county. He chose Prague as his capital residence, making the Czech State the main power base of the Luxembourgs. While Godoy governed, Charles busied himself with his two favorite pastimes: hunting and collecting clocks. Prague became his capital, and he rebuilt the city on the model of Paris, establishing the New Town (Nové M?sto). Charles IV was obsessed with organising impressive medieval spectacles. After 2 years in Italy, Charles was sent by his father to Bohemia, where he was named margrave of Moravia and given the administration of Bohemia and Moravia on his father's behalf. Charles IV (Czech: Karel IV. He was married four times and had thirteen children. ." The reign of Charles IV was characterised by a transformation in the nature of the Empire and is remembered as the Golden Age of Bohemia. This codified the internal relations within the Czech Kingdom, but in many respects impinged on the standing, interests and powers of the Nobility. . As he had previously promised to be subservient to Clement, he made extensive concessions to the pope in 1347. A…, Ferdinand I (1503-1564) was Holy Roman emperor from 1555 to 1564. Hapsburg or Habsburg (both: hăps´bûrg, Ger. After him are Arthur Seyss-Inquart (1892), Edvard Beneš (1884), Wenceslaus III of Bohemia (1289), Emil Hácha (1872), Karl Renner (1870), Jan Masaryk (1886), Ludvík Svoboda (1895), Antonín Novotný (1904), Wenceslaus I of Bohemia (1205), Vratislaus II of Bohemia (1035), and Konrad Henlein (1898). Among politicians born in Czech Republic, Charles IV, Holy Roman Emperor ranks 1. 1. He strengthened monarchical authority and increased intellectual and cultural contact between Bohemia and the West. His systematic collecting of Saintly relics could be considered further proof. His only daughter and heiress was Duchess of Luxembourg. Both claims were admitted by Charles on the understanding that if these families died out both territories should pass to the House of Luxembourg. He was the eldest son and heir of King John of Bohemia, who died at the Battle of Crécy on 26 August 1346. When he died, the whole Empire mourned. This was exacerbated by John’s new marriage to Beatrice of Bourbon and the subsequent birth of another male child in the Luxembourg lineage. The Bohemian estates, however, were not willing to support Charles in these ventures. Only once King John wrote his political will and testament, and upon the 1341 recognition of Charles as the future monarch by the Czech Assembly did the situation calm down. Gifts or promises had won the support of the Rhenish and Swabian towns; a marriage alliance secured the friendship of the Habsburgs; and an alliance with Rudolf II of Bavaria, Count Palatine of the Rhine, was obtained when Charles, who had become a widower in 1348, married Rudolph's daughter Anna. At the battle of San Felice, but also on other occasions, Charles learned how fickle fortunes can be. Unlike the common policy of the time, he did not rely on expansionist military power, but on diplomacy and diplomatic marriage. https://www.encyclopedia.com/environment/encyclopedias-almanacs-transcripts-and-maps/charles-iv, "Charles IV On May 14, 1316, Charles IV was born in Bohemia, the son of John of Luxemburg, King of Bohemia. . Elizabeth of Pomerania, his last, fourth wife, was the staunchest supporter of her husband and also the mother of the other heirs to the throne, of whom the most successful was Sigismund of Luxembourg. ." ." The great poet Petrarch wrote Charles imploring him to remember the Roman destiny and to return to pacify Italy.
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